Women of Reform Judaism Records

Manuscript Collection No. 73

1913-2000. 30 Linear ft.

ACCESS AND PROVENANCE
The first segment of the Women of Reform Judaism Records, consisting of the Monthly Folios, Board Folios, President's Packets, and some miscellaneous materials, was donated by the National Federation of Temple Sisterhoods in 1977 and 1986. The larger portion of records in this collection was donated by the national office of Women of Reform Judaism (New York) in September, 1998.
Upon receiving the Women of Reform Judaism Records, the Marcus Center of the American Jewish Archives assumed all property rights. Literary rights are held by the Women of Reform Judaism and/or the specific authors of the materials. Any questions concerning literary rights or copyright should be addressed to the Executive Director of the Marcus Center of the American Jewish Archives.
INSTITUTIONAL SKETCHtop
Founded in Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1913 as the National Federation of Temple Sisterhoods (NFTS), Women of Reform Judaism (WRJ) is a national organization representing 100,000 women in 600 local Sisterhoods throughout the United States, Canada, and thirteen other countries. It is the women's agency of the Union of American Hebrew Congregations (UAHC), the central body of Reform Judaism in North America.
Largely at the instigation of Mrs. Abram (Carrie) Simon of Washington D.C. and Rabbi George Zepin, the director of Synagogue and School Extension of the UAHC, the sisterhoods of the Reform congregations of America were federated in 1913. The first meeting of the NFTS brought together 156 delegates from 49 sisterhoods. Mrs. Simon was elected temporary chair and later served as the NTFS's first president. Rabbi Zepin was elected executive secretary of the new organization.
Initially, the NFTS emphasized its religious role as an auxiliary and support to the synagogue and various institutions of Reform Jewry. Committees were set up on religious education, museums and Jewish ceremonial objects, scholarships for the Hebrew Union College (HUC), cooperation, and public relations. Within a few years, however, the NFTS set the pattern for taking stands on issues of national and international importance by passing a resolution protesting the passage of an immigration bill stipulating literacy tests for all immigrants entering the U.S.
By the end of World War I, NTFS membership reached 36,000, representing 258 Sisterhood groups. In 1921, a committee was organized to raise funds to build the Sisterhood Dormitory at the Hebrew Union College. NFTS raised $345,000 and the project was completed in 1925. The aftermath of the war also stimulated work for peace. At the 6th Biennial Assembly in St. Louis (1925) a National Committee of Peace was established, and resolutions passed at the time reflect the growing concern of Sisterhood women for peace, justice, and the amelioration of suffering throughout the world.
Rapid growth throughout the 1920's saw the membership climb to 55,000, representing 342 temples by 1930. The format of the NFTS reflected many of the religious and secular organizations of the period. With the growth of cities, the middle class, and improved communications, businesses as well as civic and religious groups were increasingly forming national networks.
Delegates from each member Sisterhood met every two years in a national Biennial Assembly. At the Biennial Assembly, an Executive Board and Executive Committee was elected, and the work of the organization was carried out through national standing committees such as: Scholarships and Religious Education, Child Study and Parent Education, Committee on Hebrew Union College, Uniongrams, Youth Activities, Aid to Refugees, and Peace and World Relations.
In the 1930's, NFTS was instrumental in helping form the National Federation of Temple Youth (NFTY) and the Jewish Braille Institute of America, Inc. Efforts for world peace intensified and resolutions were passed on humanitarian aims in the fields of health, child labor, and work with immigrants and refugees. In 1933, Dr. Jane Evans was appointed executive secretary of NFTS, a post she held for over 50 years.
The post World War II period was marked by an era of rapid expansion in both membership and activities. In the mid-1990's, the NFTS changed its name to Women of Reform Judaism (WRJ). With a membership nearing 100,000, it has become a major arm of the Reform movement, on the cutting edge of many important social and religious causes such as improving relations between Christians and Jews, efforts for world peace, and the struggle against poverty and racism in America.
Women of Reform Judaism is represented on the Board of Trustees of the UAHC, the Board of Governors of the Hebrew Union College-Jewish Institute of Religion, the Executive Board of the World Union for Progressive Judaism, the Commission on Social Action for Reform Judaism and other committees and commissions of Reform Judaism.
WRJ maintains a website: http://rj.org.wrj/, publishes a newsletter, program guides, and materials relating to Jewish women's role in facing vital issues of the day in the home, congregation, and community. Other services include religious education aids, leadership training, and family education. WRJ's national office is in New York City.
SCOPE AND CONTENT NOTEtop
Records in the Women of Reform Judiasm collection document the activities and interests of the organization and include the Proceedings of the National Federation of Temple Sisterhoods, Vols. 1-5 (1913-1955), extensive transcripts and supporting materials from the national Biennial Assemblies (1921-1997), transcripts of Executive Board and Executive Committee meetings (1939-1981), resolutions (1921-1997), financial records, correspondence, memos, committee records, publications, and nearprint. Records are organized into the following series:

A. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NFTS

B. BIENNIAL ASSEMBLY RECORDS

C. ADMINISTRATIVE RECORDS

D. STATE & DISTRICT PRESIDENT'S COUNCIL

E. CIRCULAR FILE

F. MONTHLY FOLDERS

G. BOARD FOLIOS

H. PRESIDENT'S PACKETS

I. DISTRICT PRESIDENT'S PACKETS

J. LOCAL SISTERHOOD REPORTS

K. PUBLICATIONS

L. AUDIO-VISUAL MATERIALS

M. MISCELLANEOUS

SERIES A, Proceedings of the National Federation of Temple Sisterhoods, 1913-1955, consists of 5 published volumes that include annual reports, extensive committee reports, membership records, full-text addresses to Biennial Assemblies, minutes of the Executive Board and Assemblies, revised constitutions and by-laws, and financial records. The volumes of the Proceedings are arranged chronologically, and each 2-year segment contains an index. The Proceedings are an accessible and concise record of the activities and involvements of NFTS from its inception in 1913 until 1955.
SERIES B, Biennial Assembly records, contains primarily full-text transcripts of the NFTS's national Biennial Assembly meetings. The transcripts, starting in 1921 and running through 1983, are a verbatim record of the reports, addresses, and discussions that occurred. From 1957-1983, there are ancillary materials including memos, correspondence, working papers, and nearprint to accompany the transcripts. For the years 1985-1995, there are only Biennial Assembly programs which list speakers and sessions. Also included in Series B are resolutions generated by the Assemblies from the years 1913-1997.
Administrative records in SERIES C consist of three subseries. Subseries 1, Executive Board and Executive Committee meetings, consists largely of full-text transcripts of Executive Board meetings of the NFTS spanning the years 1939-1969 & 1977. There are scattered minutes from the Executive Board from 1962-1981. Transcripts for the Executive Committee exist for the years 1953 and 1955, and there are scattered minutes for 1962-1981. These transcripts are a verbatim record of the meetings, recording exactly what was said and by whom. There is a Table of Contents which lists the meetings agenda items at the front of each transcript. The Executive Board consisted of approximately 75 elected representatives from Sisterhoods around the country while the Executive Committee was made up NTFS elected officers.
Subseries 2, Institutes and Committees, consists of the records of several Institutes (training sessions) run by the administration of the NTFS for its members on such subjects as leadership, reuniting the war-time family, and post-war planning. There are also records of the Institute on Judaism, an interfaith program, and records of the Steering Committee meeting for the House of Living Judaism. The records in subseries 2 are full-text transcripts and the spans dates are 1940-1947.
Subseries 3, is made up of financial statements from 1931-1975 and annual reports (scattered) from 1954-1975.
SERIES D contains transcripts of meetings of the NTFS State and District Presidents' Council for the years 1948, 1949, and 1951. These are verbatim accounts of the meetings and include a table of contents listing of agenda items at the front.
SERIES E, Circular Files, consists of 50 bound volumes of the files of NTFS's various committees, departments, and projects. They contain a great variety of materials including correspondence, nearprint, memos, circulars, and reports. At the beginning of each volume there is a brief typed index listing its contents, and the volumes are titled by the department, program, or project that the papers reflect. This series is a rich resource documenting the daily work and interests of the NTFS over nearly 50 years. Span dates are 1914-1963.
SERIES F thru I, Monthly Folders (1940-1952), Board Folios (1953-1970), President's Packets (1956-1970) and District President's Packets (1956-1970), are bound volumes of materials that were sent from the NFTS headquarters to local Sisterhoods. They contain news of upcoming events, memos from committee chairs, copies of annual reports from other Reform organizations, information and suggestions for discussion of national and international affairs, departmental and committee reports, committee memos, fund-raising materials, highlights of Biennial Assemblies, financial reports, and miscellaneous nearprint. These four series document the frequent and close communication between the national office and its affiliated Sisterhoods in local Reform congregations.
The reports in SERIES J consist of listings of officers and committee chairs in the local and district Sisterhoods. The reports are arranged by state and city, and the spans dates are 1958-1961.
Publications in SERIES K include runs of the newsletters Topics and Trends (1934-1951), Notes for Now (1970-1997), Leadership Line (1983-1988), and Windows on Reform Judaism (1988-1999). Also included is a complete set of WRJ Art Calendars (1943-1999) as well as miscellaneous pamphlets and nearprint published by NFTS (1930-1981) and President's Messages's (1961-1995).
SERIES L, Audio-Visual Materials, consists of a set of audio cassettes from the 1985 Biennial, a slide show, "Link to Living Judaism" produced by NTFS, and a video, "Women of Reform Judaism: Determination, Vision, Idealism," produced in 1998 by WRJ.
Miscellaneous materials in SERIES M include some early files from NTFS's War Emergency Committee and other miscellaneous items from the early 1920's and 1930's that were given to the American Jewish Archives in the 1950's by the Union of American Hebrew Congregations.
BOX AND FOLDER LISTINGtop
                             
SERIES A: PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL FEDERATION OF TEMPLE SISTERHOODS


Box  File
1    1    Volume I            1913-1915
     2    Volume II           1923-1930
     3    Volume III          1931-1939
     4    Volume IV           1942-1947
     5    Volume V            1947-1955

SERIES B: BIENNIAL ASSEMBLY RECORDS
     
2    1    Transcript of Proceedings, 4th Biennial Assembly, 1921
     2    Transcript of Proceedings, 6th Biennial Assembly, 1925
     3    Transcript of Proceedings, 8th Biennial Assembly, 1929
     4    Transcript of Proceedings, 9th Biennial Assembly, 1931
     5    Transcript of Proceedings, 11th Biennial Assembly, 1935

3    1    Transcript of Proceedings, 12th Biennial Assembly, 1937
     2    Transcript of Proceedings, 13th Biennial Assembly, 1939
     3    Transcript of Proceedings, 14th Biennial Assembly, 1941
     4    Transcript of Proceedings, 15th Biennial Assembly, 1943

4    1    Transcript of Proceedings, 16th Biennial Assembly, 1946
     2    Transcript of Proceedings, 17th Biennial Assembly, 1948
     3    Transcript of Proceedings, 18th Biennial Assembly, 1950

5    1    Transcript of Proceedings, 19th Biennial Assembly, 1953
     2    Highlights of 40th Anniversary Biennial Assembly, 1953
     3    Transcript of Proceedings, 20th Biennial Assembly, 1955
     4    Transcript of Proceedings, 21st Biennial Assembly, 1957
     5    Highlights of 21st Biennial Assembly, 1957

6    1    Transcript of Proceedings, 22nd Biennial Assembly, 1959
     2    Post-convention Advanced Leadership Training, 1959
     3    Transcript of Proceedings, 23rd Biennial Assembly, 1961

7    1    Correspondence, programs, memos, circulars, working papers, 23rd Biennial Assembly,           1961
     2    Correspondence, programs, memos, circulars, working papers, 23rd Biennial Assembly,           1961
     3    Transcript of Proceedings, 24th Biennial Assembly, 1963
     4    Transcript of Proceedings, 25th Biennial Assembly, 1965

8    1    Correspondence, programs, memos, circulars, working papers, 26th Biennial Assembly, 1967
     2    Transcript of Proceedings, 27th Biennial Assembly, 1969
     3    Correspondence, programs, memos, circulars, working papers, 27rd Biennial Assembly, 1969
     4    Transcript of Proceedings, 28th Biennial Assembly, 1971
9    1    Transcript of Proceedings, 29th Biennial Assembly, 1973

                              
     2    Correspondence, programs, reports, memos, circulars, working papers, 29th Biennial Assembly, 1973
     3    Transcript of Proceedings, 30th Biennial Assembly, 1975
     4    Correspondence, programs, reports, memos, circulars, working  papers, 30th Biennial Assembly, 1975

10   1    Transcript of Proceedings, 31st Biennial Assembly, 1977
     2    Correspondence, programs, reports, memos, circulars, working papers, 31st Biennial Assembly, 1977
     3    Transcript of Proceedings, 32nd Biennial Assembly, 1979
     4    Transcript of Proceedings, 33rd Biennial Assembly, 1981

11   1    Transcript of Proceedings, 34th Biennial Assembly, 1983 (1)
     2    Transcript of Proceedings, 34th Biennial Assembly, 1983 (2)
     3    Correspondence, programs, reports, memos, circulars, working papers, 34th Biennial Assembly, 1983
     4    Correspondence, programs, reports, memos, circulars, working papers, 34th Biennial Assembly, 1983
     5    Correspondence, programs, reports, memos, circulars, working papers, 34th Biennial Assembly, 1983
     6    Programs, 35th, 37th, 38th, 39th, 40th Biennial Assemblies,  1985-1995

12   1    Biennial Assembly Resolutions, 1913-1939
     2    Biennial Assembly Resolutions, 1940-1959
     3    Biennial Assembly Resolutions, 1963-1970  
     4    Biennial Assembly Resolutions and Policy Statements, 1921-1997
           

SERIES C: ADMINISTRATIVE RECORDS

Subseries 1: Executive Board and Executive Committee meetings

13   1    Transcript of Executive Board meeting, 1939
     2    Transcript of Executive Board meeting, 1940
     3    Transcript of Executive Board meeting, 1941
     4    Transcript of Executive Board meeting, 1942

14   1    Transcript of Executive Board meeting, 1943
     2    Transcript of Executive Board meeting, 1944 (pp.1-219)
     3    Transcript of Executive Board meeting, 1944 (pp.220-end)
     4    Transcript of Executive Board meeting, 1945 (pp.1-229)
     5    Transcript of Executive Board meeting, 1944 (pp.230-end)
     6    Transcript of Executive Board meeting, 1946  

15   1    Transcript of Executive Board meeting, 1947 (pp.1-200)
     2    Transcript of Executive Board meeting, 1947 (pp.201-400)
     3    Transcript of Executive Board meeting, 1947 (pp.401-end)
     4    Transcript of Executive Board meeting, 1948
     5    Transcript of Executive Board meeting, 1949 (pp.1-200)

16   1    Transcript of Executive Board meeting, 1949 (pp.201-400)
     2    Transcript of Executive Board meeting, 1949 (pp.401-end)
     3    Transcript of Executive Board meeting, 1950
     4    Transcript of Executive Board meeting, 1951 (pp.1-199)
     5    Transcript of Executive Board meeting, 1951 (pp.200-end)

17   1    Transcript of Executive Board meeting, April, 1953
     2    Transcript of Executive Committee meeting, December, 1953 (pp.1-169)
     3    Transcript of Executive Committee meeting, December, 1953 (pp.170-end)
     4    Transcript of Executive Board meeting, 1954 (pp.1-200)
     5    Transcript of Executive Board meeting, 1954 (pp.200-end)

18   1    Transcript of Executive Board meeting, 1955
     2    Transcript of Executive Committee meeting, 1955
     3    Transcript of Executive Board meeting, 1956 (pp.1-179)
     4    Transcript of Executive Board meeting, 1956 (pp. 178-end)
     5    Transcript of Executive Board meeting, 1957

19   1    Transcript of Executive Board meeting, 1959
     2    Transcript of Executive Board meeting, 1961
     3    Transcript of Executive Board meeting, 1963
     4    Executive Board and Executive Committee minutes, 1962-1970
     5    Transcript of Executive Board meeting, 1969

20   1    Executive Board and Executive Committee minutes, 1971-1972
     2    Executive Board and Executive Committee minutes, 1973
     3    Transcript of Executive Board meeting, 1977
     4    Executive Board and Executive Committee minutes, 1975-1981

Subseries 2: Institutes and Committees

21   1    Speakers and Leaders Training Institute, 1940
     2    Re-uniting the War-time Family: An Institute to Prepare the
               Home for the Returning Veteran and War Worker, 1945
     3    Post-War Planning Committee, 1945
     4    Institute on Judaism, 1946
     5    Steering Committee: House of Living Judaism, 1947
     
Subseries 3: Reports and Financial Statements

22   1    Annual Report, 1954-1955 (part 1)
     2    Annual Report, 1954-1955 (part 2)
     3    Annual Reports (scattered), 1955-1975
     4    President's reports, 1989-1992
     5    Financial statements, 1931-1936
     6    Financial statements, 1943-1964
     7    Financial statements, 1965-1975


SERIES D: STATE AND DISTRICT PRESIDENT'S COUNCIL

23   1    Transcript of District President's Council meeting, 1948 (pp.1-200)
     2    Transcript of District President's Council meeting, 1948 (pp.200-end)
     3    Transcript of State & District President's Council meeting, 1949 (pp.1-199)
     4    Transcript of District President's Council meeting, 1949 (pp.200-end)
     5    Transcript of District President's Council meeting, 1951 (pp.1-194)
     2    Transcript of District President's Council meeting, 1951 (pp.195-end)

SERIES E:   CIRCULAR FILE


24   1    Scholarships (1).  1914-1932
     2    Scholarships (2).  1914-1932
     3    I.M. Wise Memorial Fund.  1927-1932

25   1    Dormitory.  1920-1925
     2    Comm. Co-operative.  1914-1932
          Programs.  1915-1932
          Extention.  1914-1932

26   1    Religion.  1914-1932
     2    Union Museum.  1916-1932
     3    Religious schools.  1914-1932
          Child study.  1923-1932

27   1    Uniongrams.  1915-1932
     2    Student activities.  1916-1932
          State Federations.  1921-1932
     3    Young Folks.  1927-1932
          Peace.  1923-1932
          Braille.  1917-1932

28   1    Executive Board.  1914-1932
     2    Convention.  1914-1931

29   1    Miscellaneous A.     1914-1932
     2    Miscellaneous B.  1914-1932
     
30   1    Peace.  1933-1941
          Braille.  1933-1941
          Religious education.  1933-1941
     2    Miscellaneous.  1932-1937

31   1    Uniongrams.  1933-1941
          Aid to refugees.  1933-1941
          Revision of  by-laws.  1933-1941
     2    HUC scholarship and religious education fund.  1933-1941
     3    Religious schools.  1933-1941

32   1    Child study and parent education.  1933-1941
     2    Convention.  1932-1941
     3    Monthly folders.  1937-1938
     4    Monthly folders.  1939

33   1    Youth activities.  1933-1941
          State federations.  1933-1941
          Jewish ceremonials and art.  1933-1941
     2    Programs.  1933-1941
     3    Miscellaneous.  1938-1941

34   1    Braille.  1942-1952
          Emergency services.  1942-1952
     2    Executive Board.  1942-1952
     3    Family education.  1942-1952

35   1    Interfaith.  1942-1952
          Jewish ceremonials and art.  1942-1952
     2    Peace and world relations.  1942-1952

36   1    Programs.  1942-1952
     2    Youth activities.  1941-1952
          Revision of by-laws.  1942-1952
          Religious extention.  1942-1952
          Religious schools.  1942-1952
     3    HUC scholarship and religious education fund.  1935-1945

37   1    News releases.  1942-1952
          Uniongrams.  1942-1952
          World Union.  1951-1952
     2    Scholarships and religious education.  1942-1952

38   1    Miscellaneous.  1942-1948.
     2    Membership and administrative services.  1953-1955

39   1    Executive Board.  1953-1955
          Executive Committee.  1953-1955
          Miscellaneous.  1953-1955
     2    Department on Religious Education.  1952-1955
     3    Department on Advancement of Judaism.  1953-1955

40   1    Department on Human Relations.  1953-1955
     2    Board of Directors.  1956-1961

41   1    House of Living Judaism.  1946-1952
     2    Miscellaneous.  1949-1952

42   1    Department of Membership & Admin. Services.  1956-1961
     2    Department on Religion and Education.  1956-1961
          Department on Human Relations.  1956-1961
          District Federation.  1956-1961
     3    President's packet.  1963

43   1    Department on Advancement of Judaism.  1956-1961
     2    Board Folio.  1963

SERIES F: MONTHLY FOLDERS

44   1    1940
     2    1941
     3    1942

45   1    1943
     2    1943

46   1    1944
     2    1944

47   1    1945
     2    1946
     3    1947

48   1    1948
     2    1948
     3    1949

49   1    1949
     2    1950

50   1    1950
     2    1951

51   1    1951
     2    1952

52   1    1952

SERIES G: BOARD FOLIOS

53   1    1953
     2    1954
     3    1955

54   1    1956
     2    1957
     3    1958
     4    1959

55   1    1960
     2    1961
     3    1962

56   1    1964
     2    1965
     3    1966-1969
     4    1970


SERIES H: PRESIDENT'S PACKETS

57   1    1956
     2    1957
     3    1958

58   1    1959
     2    1960
     3    1961
     4    1962

59   1    1963
     2    1964
     3    1965
     4    1966-1969
     5    1970

SERIES I: DISTRICT PRESIDENT'S PACKETS

60   1    1956
     2    1957
     3    1958
     
61   1    1959
     2    1960
     3    1961

62   1    1962
     2    1963
     3    1964

63   1    1965
     2    1966-1969
     3    1970

SERIES J: LOCAL SISTERHOOD REPORTS

64   1    District Sisterhood Reports, 1959
     2    District Sisterhood Reports, 1960

65   1    Congregational Sisterhood Reports (by state) N-0, 1958
     2    Congregational Sisterhood Reports (by state) O-Z, 1958
     3    Congregational Sisterhood Reports (by state) Ala-NH, 1959
          
66   1    Congregational Sisterhood Reports (by state) NJ-Wisc, 1959
     2    Congregational Sisterhood Reports (by state) Ala-Ind, 1960
     3    Congregational Sisterhood Reports (by state) Iowa-NJ, 1960

67   1    Congregational Sisterhood Reports (by state) NY-Ore, 1960
     2    Congregational Sisterhood Reports (by state) Pa-Canada, 1960
     3    Congregational Sisterhood Reports (by state) Ind-NJ, 1961


SERIES K: PUBLICATIONS

68        Art Calendars, 1943-2006

69   1    Silver and Golden Jubilee, 1938, 1963
     2    Topics and Trends, 1934-1951
     3    Leadership Line, 1983-1988
     4    Notes for Now, 1970-1976
     5    Notes for Now, 1977-1980
     6    Notes for Now, 1982-2000
     7    Windows on Women of Reform Judaism, 1998-2000

70   1    Miscellaneous pamphlets and nearprint, 1930-1948
     2    Miscellaneous pamphlets and nearprint, 1954-1959
     3    Miscellaneous pamphlets and nearprint, 1960-1969
     4    Miscellaneous pamphlets and nearprint, 1971-1981
     5    Miscellaneous pamphlets and nearprint, n.d.
     6    Miscellaneous pamphlets and nearprint, n.d.

71   1    Adjusting the Jewish Child to His World, 
               by Samuel Markowitz, n.d.
     2    Or Ami Awards, 1973-1979
     3    Or Ami Awards, 1983-1997
     4    President's Message, 1961-1975
     5    President's Message, 1990-1995

SERIES L: AUDIO-VISUAL MATERIALS

72   1    1985 Convention cassettes, 1985 [audiocassettes]
     2    "Link to Living Judiasm," n.d. [slide show]
     3    "Women of Reform Judaism: Determination, Vision,
               Idealism," 1998 [videocassette]

SERIES M: MISCELLANEOUS 

73   1    War Emergency Committee [alphabetical by city] A-L, 1918
     2    War Emergency Committee [alphabetical by city] M-Z, 1918
     3    Committee campaigns, 1922
     4    Committee campaigns, 1923
     5    Sisterhood activities, 1921
     6    Sisterhood activities, 1924-1925
     7    Sisterhood activities, 1926-1927
     8    Committee form letters, 1930
     9    Committee form letters, 1931-1932

74   1    Radio project, 1937
     2    Photographs, n.d.
     3    Jane Evans correspondence, 1942
     4    HUC Scholarships, 1929-1940
     5    NTFS Directories, 1981-1985
     6    Installations services, 1983-1999


     7    Local Sisterhood histories, 1983-1985
            Rodolf Shalom [Pittsburgh, Pa.]
            Temple Beth Zion [Buffalo, NY]   

75        Uniongrams, ca. 1950
top
Copyright © 1999 Jacob Rader Marcus Center of the American Jewish Archives